NVS-01

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NVS-01, also known as IRNSS-1J, is the first second‑generation navigation satellite in India’s NavIC/IRNSS system and the ninth overall. It strengthens the constellation by adding new features and robustness, and it is intended to replace IRNSS-1G after the earlier IRNSS-1I mission.

The satellite carries two payloads: a navigation payload that transmits signals in L1, L5, and S bands, and a ranging payload (CDMA transponder) for two‑way distance measurements. It features an indigenous Rubidium atomic clock, the first NavIC satellite to use this clock. Ground receivers use the time‑stamped signals to determine position, velocity, and time under all weather conditions. A new encryption system protects communications for restricted users. The mission also aims to support low‑power, mass‑market devices by providing a civilian L1 signal.

NVS-01 was launched on 29 May 2023 on a GSLV Mk2 rocket from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, with a launch mass of about 2,232 kg, and was placed into geosynchronous orbit at 129.55° East, inclination 5.1°. It was built by ISRO’s Satellite Centre and Space Applications Centre and is operated by ISRO. The NavIC space segment currently has seven satellites, and NVS‑01 adds to its coverage and reliability.