Rape in Malawi

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Rape in Malawi is defined as non‑consensual sexual intercourse or any sexual assault. Under the Penal Code, it can carry up to 20 years in prison, and in some cases life imprisonment or the death penalty.

In early 2020, 339 victims of sexual violence were reported to the Malawi Police, making up about 17% of all cases; rape accounted for roughly 1% of these. From April to June 2020, 184 sexual violence victims were reported (11% of the total), with rape again around 1%.

A 2021 Demographic and Health Survey found that 11% of women aged 15–49 had experienced sexual violence in the past year.

Afrobarometer surveys in April 2023 found that 44% of Malawians believe survivors will be criticised or shamed by their community if they report. Cultural norms and stigma contribute to under-reporting, with more than 40% believing survivors face community shaming.

Superstitious beliefs that defiling a minor brings luck or wealth have been linked to spikes in child rape. Marital rape is not explicitly criminalised. The Child Protection Act 2010 sets the legal marriage age at 18 but enforcement remains weak.

UNICEF and UN Women support social‑norms campaigns and community dialogues to reduce stigma and encourage reporting. The World Bank recommends integrated gender-based violence data systems and expanding Victim Support Units across police stations.