Tuyên Quang province

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Tuyên Quang is a province in the northeast of Vietnam, in the center of the Lo River valley near the Red River. Its capital is the city of Tuyên Quang.

The province covers about 13,800 square kilometers and is home to roughly 1.8–1.9 million people. It has many ethnic groups, including Vietnamese, Tày, Dao, Sán Chay, and Mông, each with their own traditions.

Geography and climate
Tuyên Quang sits in a mountainous area with deep valleys. The Lô River, a major waterway, runs through the province along with other rivers such as the Gâm and Pho Day. The Tam Đảo mountain range is nearby. The climate is tropical monsoon, with a rainy season from May to October and warm temperatures on average.

Rivers and water
The Lô, Gâm, and Pho Day rivers are important for transport and water supply. The province has many small rivers, ponds, and about 2000 ponds for water use. There are also several mineral and hot springs.

Economy
Most of the economy is based on agriculture, forestry, and some industry. Farmers grow rice, maize, cassava, potatoes, tea, lemongrass, and citrus fruits. The Lô River supports fishing and aquaculture. The Bai Bang pulp-and-paper mill in neighboring Vĩnh Phú helps the region’s industry. The area has also produced cement and limestone.

History and culture
Tuyên Quang has a long history, with many battles in the past. It was an important site during the French colonial era and in the early wars for independence. The region is known for its cultural diversity and historic sites, including caves, temples, and temples’ complexes. The province also has many festivals, such as village and Dao ethnic festivals.

Nature and scenery
Na Hang is a famous scenic area in the province, often called the “green pearl.” It features mountains, forests, lakes, and many islands on large water bodies. Na Hang connects to other areas through rivers and is known for its rich natural beauty and the cultural diversity of its 12 resident ethnic groups.

Wildlife and conservation
Tuyên Quang has a variety of flora and fauna, with many species listed as rare or at risk. Deforestation and land-use changes have affected some habitats, but the province still has important forests and wildlife to protect.

Administration
The province is divided into districts and towns, with several urban and rural areas. Plans announced around 2025 suggest reorganization that could merge parts of Tuyên Quang with Ha Giang to form a larger province, with Minh Xuân Ward serving as a central administrative area.

Transport
There is no railway or international airport in the province. It is connected by major roads, including National Highways No. 2 and 37, which link Tuyên Quang to Hanoi and other regions.

In brief, Tuyên Quang blends rich history, diverse cultures, and striking mountain scenery with an economy rooted in agriculture and natural resources, and it offers notable natural attractions like Na Hang and the Lô River system.