SCYE1

Content sourced from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

SCYE1, also known as AIMP1 or p43, is a human gene that makes a protein involved in two main roles. First, it is part of the multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex, helping attach amino acids to tRNA during protein production. Second, it acts as a cytokine that can be released by immune cells like dendritic cells, especially during cell death.

The pro-form of SCYE1 (pro-SCYE1) is the same as the p43 subunit and can influence immune responses. When released from tumor cells, AIMP1/p43 can make tumor blood vessels more sensitive to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and promote inflammatory signaling. Immunologically, AIMP1/p43 tends to push the immune system toward a Th1-type response, and its absence can bias toward a Th2-type response.

In humans, the AIMP1 gene sits on chromosome 4q24, while the mouse version is on chromosome 3. AIMP1 can also interact with SMURF2, a regulator of cellular signaling. The gene is expressed in many tissues, with notable levels in immune-related areas and during development.