Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Hawaii)

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Minister of Foreign Affairs (Hawaiian: Kuhina o ko na Aina E) was a powerful office in the Kingdom of Hawaii, the Provisional Government, and the Republic from 1843 to 1900. It was one of four cabinet posts that advised the Head of State on executive matters. During the monarchy, ministers were ex-officio members of the Privy Council and the House of Nobles; during the republic, they were ex-officio members of both houses of the legislature. The Head of State appointed the ministers, but later Hawaiian constitutions limited the power to remove them by requiring a majority vote of no confidence from the elected legislature. All acts of the Head of State had to be countersigned by a minister.