Lilium candidum
Madonna lily, Lilium candidum, is a true lily native to the Balkans and the Middle East. It has been grown for about 3,000 years and is an important symbol in many cultures. The plant grows from a bulb and keeps a rosette of leaves in winter. In late spring a tall stem appears and holds several fragrant, pure white flowers with a yellow throat in summer. It usually grows about 1.2 meters tall, sometimes up to 2 meters.
The Madonna lily is susceptible to lily viruses and Botrytis fungus. Many gardeners grow from seed to avoid virus problems.
In art and religion, the Madonna lily stands for purity and is common in ancient frescoes and Christian imagery. The fleur-de-lis symbol in French culture is linked to it, though the shapes are not exactly the same.
Quebec used to choose the Madonna lily as its provincial flower until 1999, when it was replaced by the native blue flag iris.
In Taiwan, the flower and bulbs are eaten, as are related lilies.
Cats can be poisoned by this plant. If a cat eats any part of Lilium candidum, seek urgent veterinary care. Treatment may include activated charcoal, vomiting induction, and intravenous fluids to protect the kidneys.
This page was last edited on 2 February 2026, at 02:24 (CET).