Alexander Thomson (Baron of the Exchequer)

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Sir Alexander Thomson, PC, FRS (1744? – 15 April 1817) was an English barrister and judge who served as Chief Baron of the Exchequer from 1814 until his death in 1817. He was born in Wolverhampton, where his parentage is not known, and he was educated there.

He entered Lincoln's Inn in 1764 and was called to the Bar in 1769. He worked mainly in Chancery as an equity draftsman. His talents came to the attention of John Russell, the 4th Duke of Bedford, who made him auditor of his estates. A close friend of Lord Chancellor Thurlow, Thomson rose through the judicial ranks: Master in Chancery in 1782, Accountant-General in 1786, and Baron of the Exchequer in 1787. In the same year he was made a serjeant-at-law and knighted. He had already been elected a Bencher of Lincoln's Inn in 1782. He was also elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1786.

In 1814 Thomson succeeded Sir Vicary Gibbs as Chief Baron of the Exchequer and was sworn into the Privy Council. He died in 1817, unmarried, and his will was made in favor of his sister, whose death had occurred before him; this led to a chancery lawsuit after his death.