Tomás Mascardo

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Tomás Mascardo y Echenique (October 9, 1871 – July 7, 1932) was a Filipino general who fought Spain in the Philippine Revolution and later the United States in the Philippine–American War. He started as a teacher in Cavite, joined the revolt early, and led revolutionary intelligence in Manila. He earned praise from Emilio Aguinaldo for his courage when ordered to attack a Spanish stronghold in Tanauan, Batangas, and he rose to brigadier general. He fought at the Battle of Zapote Bridge in 1897, where his ally Edilberto Evangelista was killed and Mascardo was wounded.

Mascardo later served as the 2nd Governor of Pampanga in 1899 and, from 1910 to 1912, as the 8th Governor of Cavite. He was also a member of the Malolos Congress for Zamboanga from September 15, 1898 to November 13, 1899.

During the Philippine–American War, Mascardo commanded revolutionary forces in Pampanga, Bataan, and Zambales, with bases in Bagac, Bataan. He clashed with General Luna at Calumpit after reportedly ignoring orders to move troops, and Luna briefly detained him. After Aguinaldo was captured, Mascardo ordered his subordinates to surrender so Aguinaldo could be consulted; Mascardo surrendered on May 15, 1901, due to a shortage of weapons.

Back in Cavite, Mascardo retired from public life. He died of heart disease in 1932. He was married to Carmen Topacio and had eight children, including Dominador Mascardo, who also became a general.