Tax information exchange agreement
Tax information exchange agreements (TIEA) let countries request and share information about tax matters, such as in criminal or civil investigations. The OECD Global Forum on Effective Exchange of Information developed a model TIEA. In addition to on-request sharing, automatic exchange began on 29 October 2014 and uses the Common Reporting Standard (CRS).
A TIEA usually includes standard terms about how information is requested, shared, and protected. Some have questioned the legality of Intergovernmental Agreements (IGAs) because they bind two governments like treaties. In the U.S., treaties require Senate approval, so some argue IGAs lack constitutional backing. IGAs were not part of FATCA at first but were created after FATCA to make it work.
This page was last edited on 2 February 2026, at 15:51 (CET).