Rufous-rumped antwren

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The Rufous-rumped antwren (Euchrepomis callinota) is a small bird in the antbird family. It is about 10–12 cm long and weighs 7–9.5 g. Males and females look different. Males have a black crown and nape, pale gray face with a dark line through the eye, olive upper back, and a bright rufous or orange-brown rump. Their throat and breast are pale gray, and their belly is pale yellow-green. Their wings show two pale bars. Females have a brownish olive crown and grayish olive sides of the head.

Classification and subspecies
- Scientific name: Euchrepomis callinota
- It has four subspecies: E. c. callinota (the nominate), E. c. peruviana, E. c. venezuelana, and E. c. guianensis. Each subspecies has slight color differences, especially on the back, throat, and belly.

Where it lives
The bird is found in parts of Central and South America: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It occupies humid foothill and montane forests and their edges. It lives at various elevations, from about 700 meters up to around 2,500 meters in many areas, with some variation by country.

Behavior and diet
The Rufous-rumped antwren is a year-round resident. It feeds mainly on arthropods, foraging mostly in the forest canopy. It usually searches for prey in pairs and often joins mixed-species feeding flocks. It tends to glean prey from leaves and sticks.

Breeding
In Costa Rica, the breeding season appears to be from February through May. Very little else is known about its breeding biology.

Vocalizations
Its song is a rapid, high-pitched series of notes that speeds up into a crisp trill. It also makes high tsi and ti calls.

Conservation status
The species is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN. It has a very large range and a population of at least 50,000 mature individuals, though the numbers are believed to be decreasing. It is considered rare in Costa Rica and uncommon in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Habitat loss from forest clearing for agriculture could threaten it where forests are degraded.