Empusa pennata

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Empusa pennata, known as the conehead mantis, is a species of praying mantis native to the Mediterranean region. It is found in Portugal, Spain, southern France, Italy and along the Mediterranean coasts of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Turkey and Egypt.

Appearance and habitat:
The conehead mantis has a long, slim body with large wings for flight. Its most recognizable feature is a tall cone-like projection on its head. Females can reach about 10 cm in length, while males are smaller and have feathered antennae. Colors range from greens and pinks to browns, helping it blend into dry, warm habitats such as perennial herbs and scrub.

Behavior and camouflage:
Empusa pennata uses cryptic coloring to hide from predators and to ambush prey. It stalks prey and strikes with its raptorial forelegs, catching only living prey. It relies on vision to detect moving targets.

Mating and communication:
Mantis finds mates through chemical signals (pheromones) as well as visual and acoustic cues. At night, when visibility is low, pheromones help them locate each other.

Life cycle:
The species overwinters as a nymph and becomes an adult in spring. Eggs develop quickly during the summer.

Diet:
It is a predator that feeds on living insects, such as crickets and cockroaches, catching them with its strong front legs.

Distinguishing:
Compared to the common European mantis, Empusa pennata is easily recognized by its distinctive cone-shaped crown on the head.