Colombia–Cuba relations

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Colombia–Cuba relations have deep roots that go back to colonial times, with long-standing political, economic, social and cultural ties. Both countries are members of the Organization of American States, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, the Latin American Integration Association and the Organization of Ibero-American States.

Historically, Cuba and Colombia exchanged people and goods that linked their economies and cultures. In colonial days, ships carried Cuban products to Cartagena, and Colombia depended on goods from Cuba. Early figures helped strengthen cultural and intellectual ties, such as Manuel del Socorro Rodríguez in Bogotá and Joaquín Pablo Posada, a precursor of Latin American socialism who worked in Havana.

During the Cuban Revolution, relations cooled. Colombia condemned some Cuban actions in 1961 and broke diplomatic ties. Cuba supported Colombian guerrilla movements, aiding in weapons and contacts. Relations improved later, especially after Colombia joined the Non-Aligned Movement.

In the peace process with FARC, Cuba played a key role by hosting talks in Havana and providing health, security and logistical support as an observer country.

Diplomatic relations were officially established in 1902 after Colombia’s independence. They have seen periods of both distancing and rapprochement. A break occurred in 1981 under President Julio César Turbay Ayala, who cited Cuba’s support for Colombian guerrillas.

Several bilateral agreements have governed their ties, including extradition (1932), education and culture (1978), economic and scientific cooperation (1980), judicial cooperation (1991), partial trade agreements (1994), tourism cooperation (1995), and cooperation on criminal matters and narcotics (1998–1999), among others.

Trade is modest: Cuba exports about $8 million to Colombia, while Colombia exports about $37 million to Cuba, mainly petrochemical products. In 2018, about 9,600 Cubans visited Colombia and about 27,100 Colombians visited Cuba.

Today, despite ups and downs, Colombia and Cuba maintain diplomatic relations and collaborate in culture, education and economic cooperation, while participating in regional forums.