Biharmonic Bézier surface

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A biharmonic Bézier surface is a smooth polynomial surface that satisfies the biharmonic equation, using the same Bézier framework as standard Bézier surfaces. It was developed by Juan Monterde and Hassan Ugail. To create such a surface, you usually provide four boundary conditions via Bézier control points; with these, there is a unique solution to a general fourth-order elliptic PDE that defines the surface. Biharmonic Bézier surfaces are related to minimal surfaces, which minimize area for a given boundary data. Key references: Monterde and Ugail, On Harmonic and Biharmonic Bézier Surfaces (2004); Monterde and Ugail, A general 4th-order PDE method to generate Bézier surfaces from the boundary (2006).