Abortion in Madagascar

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Abortion is illegal in Madagascar in all circumstances. People who have an abortion or who help someone have one can face prison sentences or fines. The ban comes from colonial-era laws and is still backed by many people and by churches.

There have been attempts to change the law. In 2017, parliament rejected plans to legalize abortion for medical reasons. In 2021, an MP proposed allowing abortion in cases of rape; the bill was withdrawn in 2022.

Abortion in Madagascar is often unsafe and hidden. Many women self-induce abortions or seek help from traditional birth attendants. Contraception use is low, which leads to many unintended pregnancies.

Penalties exist for abortions: Article 317 punishes women who receive abortions with prison or a fine, and those who help can face longer jail terms and higher fines. Post-abortion care is legal and available in health facilities.

Public opinion is strongly against abortion. A 2022 Afrobarometer survey found 96% oppose abortion on demand and 85% oppose abortion in rape cases, though 65% would allow abortion if the pregnancy is risky. The Catholic Church and other churches have significant influence on politics.

Unsafe abortions have a major impact on health. They are a leading cause of maternal death in Madagascar, with about 75,000 illegal abortions occurring each year. Many abortions happen outside clinics, and some use unregulated pills or herbs from traditional healers. Cost and distance to care also limit access to safe services.