(S)-2-methylmalate dehydratase

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(S)-2-methylmalate dehydratase is an enzyme that removes water from (S)-2-methylmalate to form 2-methylfumarate. It belongs to the lyase family, specifically hydro-lyases, which break bonds to form double bonds or rings. The systematic name is (S)-2-methylmalate hydro-lyase (2-methylfumarate-forming). It has several alternative names, including mesaconate hydratase, (+)-citramalate hydro-lyase, L-citramalate hydrolase, citramalate dehydratase, (+)-citramalic hydro-lyase, mesaconate mesaconase, mesaconase, and (S)-2-methylmalate hydro-lyase. The enzyme participates in c5-branched dibasic acid metabolism, a pathway used by some organisms to process five-carbon acids. In short, it drives a dehydration step that helps convert (S)-2-methylmalate into 2-methylfumarate.