Preliminary Peace Convention (1828)

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Preliminary Peace Convention (1828) — Easy version

In 1828, Brazil and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (now part of Argentina) agreed to end the Cisplatine War, with Britain helping Mediate. Lord John Ponsonby led the negotiations in Rio de Janeiro. The Preliminary Peace Convention was signed on August 27, 1828, and it was ratified in Montevideo on October 4, 1828, making Uruguay independent from both Brazil and Argentina.

Key points:
- Uruguay would be independent from both Brazil and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata.
- Brazil kept sovereignty over the Missões Orientais; both sides agreed to free navigation of the Río de la Plata for 15 years.
- If civil war occurred within five years after the new constitution, Brazil and Argentina would help the legal government; after that, protection would end.
- The constitution would be reviewed by representatives from both sides to ensure it did not threaten either country.

Historians differ on when Uruguay truly became a nation: some say the idea existed before the treaty, others say independence was driven by foreign influence and war circumstances.