FCGR2A

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FCGR2A, also known as Fc gamma receptor IIa (FcγRIIa), is a human gene that encodes a low-affinity receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG). This receptor helps the immune system recognize and respond to antibody-coated targets.

Location and expression
In humans, FCGR2A is located on chromosome 1 (region 1q23.3). The protein is a membrane receptor most highly expressed on myeloid cells, especially neutrophils and monocytes, with additional expression in other tissues.

Function
FcγRIIa binds to IgG antibodies attached to pathogens or infected cells and triggers signaling pathways inside the cell. This leads to immune responses such as phagocytosis (ingesting the target) and degranulation of neutrophils, helping to clear infections. The receptor engages signaling partners like Syk kinase and the PIK3R1 adaptor to propagate these responses.

Aliases
FCGR2A has many synonyms, including CD32, CD32A, CDw32, FCG2, FCGR2, FCGR2A1, FcgammaRIIa, and Fc gamma receptor IIa.

Orthology
FCGR2A has orthologs in other species, such as mice, and is studied across mammals to understand its role in immunity.