Manifesto of Intellectuals on the National Political Situation

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The Manifesto of the Intellectuals on the National Political Situation was a public statement in Venezuela, issued on January 15, 1958. It was drafted on January 10 by Mariano Picón Salas and signed by about 400 writers, intellectuals, and professionals. The document denounced the dictatorship of Marcos Pérez Jiménez and set out eight demands for democracy and human rights. It was printed secretly by a small press run by the Communist Party and published with support from journalists, unions, and civil groups. Two days before it appeared, Pérez Jiménez dismissed the Minister of Defense, Rómulo Fernández, and took the post himself. Miguel Otero Silva was arrested for his role in editing and publishing the manifesto.

Eight key demands
- Restore democracy and freedom of expression
- End censorship
- Release political prisoners
- Allow exiles to return
- Ensure public authorities truly reflect the popular will
- Respect ecclesiastical authorities, teachers, and students; restore university autonomy
- Avoid confrontation between the military and civilian forces; pursue national harmony
- Promote cooperation to achieve national concord among all Venezuelans

The manifesto also stated that the country should not be divided into hostile groups of exiles, captives, and wealth beneficiaries, but should aim for unity and peaceful coexistence.