Ambalavasi

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Ambalavasi, sometimes spelled Ampalavasi, means temple-dwelling. It is the name for Hindu castes in Kerala who have traditionally served in temples. They are mainly divided into two groups: those who wear the sacred thread (who are Brahmins) and those who do not (not Brahmins in temple rituals). All Ambalavasis perform temple work, but each group has specific roles:

- Pushpakan and Nambeesan: temple teachers and flower suppliers
- Chakyar: stage artists who perform Kooth and Koodiyattam
- Marar: temple musicians
- Variar and Poduval: manage temple committees, storekeepers, and watchmen

Their ritual status sits between Brahmins and Nairs. Ambalavasis who wear the thread are Brahmins; those who don’t are not Brahmins in temple rituals. They were also known as Antharala Jathikal. Kazhakams or Ambalakkazhakams are associations within temples for specific duties. Traditionally, Ambalavasis were linked to particular temple arts, with each art performed by certain castes; today there is no strict caste barrier.